There are several types of wells to choose from when accessing groundwater. Each type has advantages and is suited for different situations. Let’s explore seven common types of wells to help you determine which one might be right for your needs.
- Dug Wells. These traditional wells are manually excavated and lined with brick, stone, or concrete. Dug wells are typically shallow, making them suitable for areas with high water tables but more susceptible to contamination.
- Driven Wells. Driven wells involve pushing a small-diameter pipe into soft ground. They’re inexpensive and work well in areas with loose soil and shallow aquifers. However, they need more depth and water yield.
- Drilled Wells. Drilled wells can reach great depths using rotary drilling machines, accessing water from deep aquifers. They are common in residential and commercial settings and offer good water quality and reliability.
- Bored Wells. Bored wells, constructed using large-diameter augers, are ideal for areas with shallow water tables. They can store more water than other types but may be prone to contamination due to their wide openings.
- Jetted Wells. Jetted wells use high-pressure water jets to create sandy or loose soil boreholes. They’re quick to install but limited to areas with specific soil conditions.
- Collector Wells. These wells feature a central caisson with horizontal pipes extending outward to collect water. Collector wells are excellent for high-yield requirements near rivers or lakes.
- Artesian Wells. Artesian wells can produce water without pumping by tapping into confined aquifers under pressure. They’re rare but highly prized for their natural flow and often high-quality water.
When choosing among these types of wells, consider local geology, water table depth, required yield, and regulations. Consulting with a professional well driller can help you determine the most suitable well type for your specific location and needs.